Animals and Their Relation to Gods, Humans and Things in the Ancient World.

1. Verfasser: Mattila, Raija.
Weitere Verfasser: Ito, Sanae, 1980-
Fink, Sebastian.
Ort/Verlag/Jahr: Wiesbaden : Springer Vieweg. in Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, 2019.
Umfang/Format: 1 online resource (485 pages).
Schriftenreihe: Universal- und Kulturhistorische Studien. Studies in Universal and Cultural History Ser.
Schlagworte:
History, Ancient.
Electronic books.
Parallelausgabe: Animals and Their Relation to Gods, Humans and Things in the Ancient World (Print version:)
Online Zugang: Available online
Inhaltsangabe:
  • Intro
  • Contents
  • The authors
  • 1 Introduction
  • 1 Keynotes
  • 2 Human-Animal Studies. Bridging the Lacuna between Academia and Society
  • 1 The (Western) Origins
  • 2 What are Human-Animal Studies about?
  • 3 Human-Animal Studies and their Potential as Connectors between Academia and Society
  • 3.1 HAS at the University of Innsbruck
  • 3.2 Outcomes of HAS
  • 3.3 Creating Bridges
  • 4 Appeal
  • Bibliography
  • 3 Reflections on the Pivotal Role of Animals in Early Mesopotamia
  • 1 Classification processes and animals
  • 1.1 Gender classification in Sumerian
  • 1.2 What are Animals?
  • 1.3 Whales and Wugs
  • 1.4 Writing Birds and Locusts
  • 1.5 Classification in the Early Writings Systems
  • 1.6 The Superordinate Taxon "Animal"
  • 1.7 Different Ways to Classify
  • 2 Classification, Abstraction, Symbolic Thought, Metaphors and Conceptual Frames
  • 2.1 Objectification and Divinization (Early Dynastic period) as a Case Study
  • 2.2 Semantic Frames and the Multi-Layered Writing System
  • 3 Classification in the Lexical List: Domestic and 'Wild' Animals
  • 4 Conceptual Frames
  • Some Examples
  • 4.1 The Case of the Dog: People as Dogs
  • 4.2 The Cases of the Horse and the Camel
  • 4.3 The Case of a Chimaera /Monster
  • 5 The Ideological Salience of Animals
  • 5.1 Reconciling the Domestic and the Wild Animal
  • 5.2 Deity as Animals
  • 5.3 Rulers (Humans) as Animals
  • 5.4 Political Theology and Demonizing Animals
  • 5.5 Animal Offerings for the Gods
  • 5.6 The Animal in Later Secret Lore
  • 6 Concluding Remarks
  • Bibliography
  • 2 Taxonomies
  • 4 Taxonomy and Medicine. Analysing Transfers between Disciplines, a Step towards Understanding Mesopotamian Sciences
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Setting
  • 2.1 Latest Developments
  • 2.2 What about "Scientific Tablets"?
  • 3 Materia Medica in Medical Prescriptions
  • 3.1 Why Focus on Medical Prescriptions?.
  • 3.2 General Remarks about Materia Medica in Medical Prescriptions
  • 4 Medical Prescriptions Confronted with Lexical Data: A Case Study of Lion, Wolf, Dog and Fox
  • 4.1 Some Considerations about the UR-Group
  • 4.2 Lion, wolf, dog and fox in ḪAR-ra = ḫubullu XIV
  • 4.3 Lion, Wolf, Dog and Fox in Medical Prescriptions
  • 5 Conclusions
  • 6 Appendix - Texts
  • Bibliography
  • 5 Categorization and Hierarchy. Animals and their Relations to Gods, Humans and Things in the Hittite World*
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Animals, Humans, Boundaries and Categorizations
  • 3 Puzzling Categories in Official Law
  • 4 Setting and Breaking the Boundaries: Magical Rituals
  • 5 The Higher Spheres: Myths and Literary Texts
  • 6 Religion and State-Cult
  • 7 Telling the Future: Omens and Dream Reports
  • 8 In Conclusion: Categorizations in Hittite Worldview, Humans, Gods and Animals
  • Bibliography
  • 6 From Ape to Zebra. On Wild Animals and Taxonomy in Ancient Israel
  • 1 Taxonomy One: All Animals Below Humans
  • 2 Taxonomy Two: Wild Animals between Humans and God
  • 2.1 Wild Animals as Divine Agents
  • 2.2 Wild Animals as Numinous Creatures Beyond Control without Divine Help
  • 2.3 Wild Animals as Sources of Divine Wisdom
  • 2.4 Wild Animals in Similes and Metaphors for Yahweh
  • 3 Comparative Evidence from the Ancient Near East
  • 4 Conclusions
  • 4.1 Placing God's Creatures
  • 4.2 Rethinking Other Wild Animals in Biblical Texts
  • 4.3 Wildness and Divinity in Ancient Israel
  • 4.4 Shifting Taxonomies
  • Bibliography
  • 3 Literature
  • 7 Holy Cow! On Cattle Metaphors in Sumerian Literary Texts
  • 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 "Metaphor"
  • 1.2 Cattle
  • 2 Investigation
  • 2.1 Sup-grouping of the Metaphors
  • 2.2 Presentation of Metaphors (in Selection)
  • 3 Results
  • Bibliography
  • 8 Animals in the Sumerian Disputation Poems
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Characterization of Bird and Fish.
  • 3 Rivalries
  • 4 Conclusions
  • Bibliography
  • 9 Gilgameš and Enkidu. The Two-thirds-god and the Two-thirds-animal?
  • 1 The earlier tales in brief
  • 2 The characterization of Enkidu in the Standard Babylonian version
  • 3 The description of animals and natural life in the Standard Babylonian version
  • 4 The divergent and parallel paths of Enkidu and Gilgameš: brief considerations and a tentative conclusion
  • Bibliography
  • 10 Anthropomorphism and the Aesopic Animal Fables
  • 1 The Aesopic Corpus
  • 2 The Fable as a Genre and the Fable as seen by ancient Critics
  • 3 Anthropomorphism of Fables
  • 4 Human Dominion as a Topic in Fables
  • 5 Conclusions
  • Bibliography
  • 4 Art
  • 11 Animal Friezes in "Orientalizing" Greek Art
  • References
  • 12 On Men, Animals, and Supernatural Beings in Ancient Maya Iconography
  • 1 Human beings
  • 2 Dwarfs
  • 3 Deities
  • 4 Anthropomorphic Beings
  • 5 Zoomorphic Creatures
  • 6 'Dragons'
  • 7 Witz Monsters
  • 8 Other Zoomorphic Creatures
  • 9 Animals
  • 10 Classification of Beings: Emic vs. Etic Perspectives
  • 11 Case Study: Centipedes, Snakes, and Dragons
  • 12 Ethnozoological Considerations: The Case of Tzeltal Folk Zoology
  • 13 Final Considerations
  • Bibliography
  • 5 Religion
  • 13 Creation of Animals in Sumerian Mythology
  • References
  • 14 Animals and Demons. Faunal Appearances, Metaphors, and Similes in Lamaštu Incantations
  • 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Dichotomy in the Sumero-Babylonian Culture
  • 1.2 The Question of Real Appearance, Metaphors, and Similes
  • 1.3 Text Sources - Overview
  • 1.4 Iconography
  • 2 Dog - Real Appearances and Similes
  • 2.1 Dog - Real Appearances
  • 2.2 Dog - Similes
  • 3 Wolf - Metaphors
  • 3.1 Wolf - Metaphors
  • 4 Lion - Real Appearances and Similes
  • 4.1 Lion - Real Appearances
  • 4.2 Lion - The Similes
  • 5 Leopard - Real Appearances
  • 5.1 Leopard - Real Appearances.
  • 6 Donkey & Hemione - Real Appearances, and Similes
  • 6.1 Donkey - Real Appearances
  • 6.2 Hemione - Similes
  • 7 Birds - Real Appearances, Metaphors, and Similes
  • 7.1 Bird - Real Appearances
  • 7.2 Bird - Similes
  • 8 Snake Real Appearances and, Similes
  • 8.1 Snake - Similes
  • 8.2 Snake - The Real Appearances
  • 9 Other Animal Similes
  • 10 Conclusion
  • Bibliography
  • Internet Sources
  • 15 The Animal Fable of the Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʼ in Context: The Ontological and Moral Status of Animals in Early Islamic Thought
  • 1 Status of Animals in Early Islamic Thought
  • 2 Status of Animals in the
  • 3 Conclusions
  • Bibliography
  • 16 Aztec Dogs: Myths and Ritual Practice
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 What is Mesoamerica?
  • 3 Mesoamerican Religion
  • 4 The Aztec Empire
  • 5 A Few Words on the Aztec Religion
  • 6 Aztec Religious Ceremonies
  • 7 Aztec Animal Sacrifice
  • 8 Mesoamerican Dog in Archaeological Sources
  • 9 Aztec Dog in Ethnohistorical Sources
  • 10 Aztec Creation Myths
  • 11 Aztec Funerary Practices
  • 12 Dogs in Funerary Practices
  • 13 Xoloitzcuintli as Psychopomp
  • 14 Conclusion
  • List of illustrations
  • Bibliography
  • 17 A Zooarchaeological Study of the Formation Process of the Ainu Bear-sending Ceremony
  • 1 Outline of the "Bear-sending Ceremony"
  • 1.1 Distribution of Hand-raised Brown Bear Rituals
  • 1.2 What is the "Bear-sending Ceremony"?
  • 1.3 Two Forms of the Bear-sending Ceremony
  • 2 Formation of the Bear-sending Ceremony
  • 2.1 A Tradition Described in Historical Literature
  • 2.2 Brown Bear Rituals at Otafuku-iwa Cave
  • 2.3 Speculation Based on Excavation Findings
  • 3 Origin of the Bear-sending Ceremony
  • 3.1 The Brown Bear Ritual in the Okhotsk Culture
  • 3.2 Latent Brown Bear Worship in Indigenous Communities
  • 3.3 Points Relating to the History of the Ceremony
  • 4 Future Tasks
  • Bibliography
  • 6 Economy.
  • 18 Man and Animals in the Administrative Texts of the End of the 3rd Millennium BC*
  • Bibliography
  • 19 For the Gods or for Money? Sheep Husbandry at the Temples in First Millennium Babylonia
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Sheep Management
  • 2.1 Animals and the Temples' Stables
  • 2.2 The Herds of Small Cattle
  • 2.3 Herding Contracts
  • 3 Sheep. The Gods' Meaty Sustenance
  • 3.1 Sacrifices
  • 3.2 Other Products or How to Determine the Main Focus of Sheep Breeding
  • 3.5 Eanna's Wool
  • 4 Conclusion
  • Appendix
  • Bibliography
  • Animal Index.

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