The Archaeology of Pastoralism, Mobility, and Society : Beyond the Grass Paradigm.

1. Verfasser: Hammer, Emily
Ort/Verlag/Jahr: New York : Cambridge University Press, 2025.
Ausgabe: 1st ed.
Umfang/Format: 424 pages
ISBN: 1009561685
1009561707
Inhaltsangabe:
  • Cover
  • Half-title
  • Title page
  • Imprints page
  • Table of Contents
  • List of Figures
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Prologue: Grass and Orientalist Perspectives on the Bakhtiari
  • Chapter One From Orientalist Tropes to aDNA and Isotopes: Persistent Problems in the Archaeology of Pastoralism
  • The Tenacity of Orientalist Lenses on Ancient and Historical Pastoralism
  • The Archaeology of Pastoralism: A Short Disciplinary History
  • Four Major Barriers to the Writing of Histories of Pastoralism
  • Aims, Objectives, and Scope
  • Chapter Two Resolving Conceptual Conflation: Pastoralism, Mobility, Complexity, Production, and Landscapes
  • The (Continuing) Need for Definitions
  • Basic Definitions: Pastoralism, Agropastoralism, Herding
  • Old Frameworks 1: Nomadism
  • Mobility: Shedding the Disciplinary Baggage of ''Nomadism''
  • Old Frameworks 2: Tribal Organization, ''Egalitarianism,'' and External Dependency
  • Complexity Associated with Pastoralism: Attempts to Move beyond Ecologically Deterministic (or ''Economics First'') Approaches
  • Old Frameworks 3: Specialized Pastoralism
  • Intensification: Variability and Change in Pastoral Production
  • Old Frameworks 4: Marginal Land
  • Pastoral Landscapes and their Affordances
  • Conclusion
  • Chapter Three Escaping the Tyranny of the Ethnographic Record on Pastoralism
  • Background: Ethnographic Analogy in Archaeology and Studies of Pastoralism
  • Use and Misuse of Ethnographic and Ethnohistoric Analogy in the Archaeology of Pastoralism
  • Source-Side Solutions for More Reliable Analogies
  • An Example of Source-Side Improvements: Spatial Ethnoarchaeology of Twentieth-Century Pastoralists in Southeastern Turkey
  • Conclusion.
  • Chapter Four Bones, Teeth, Seeds, Dung, Corrals, and Beyond: Foundational Methodologies Applied to Landscapes, Sites, and Assemblages Related to the History of Pastoralism
  • Foundational Field Data on Pastoralism from Sites and Landscapes
  • Survey and Landscape Approaches
  • Excavation
  • Innovations in Survey and Excavation: Aerial Remote Sensing, Geophysics, Dating, Research Orientations
  • Foundational Laboratory Methodologies for Reconstructing Herds, Seasonality, and Pastoral Practices
  • Zooarchaeology
  • Archaeobotany
  • Geoarchaeology and Microbotanical Studies: Dung and Phytoliths
  • Geoarchaeology, Archaeobotany, and Landscape Reconstruction: Grazing Suitability and the Environmental Impacts of Pastoralism
  • Conclusion
  • Chapter Five Biomolecular Approaches to Pastoralism, Diet, and Mobility in the Past
  • Isotopic Analysis
  • DNA and Archaeogenetics
  • Organic Residue Analysis: Animal Carcass Fat and Milk Fat
  • Proteomics: Milk Proteins in Human Dental Calculus
  • Conclusion
  • Chapter Six Multidisciplinary Means of Addressing Pastoral Ecologies and Economies in the Past
  • Question 1: Were People Engaged in Pastoralism and, if so, What Animals Were Herded?
  • Question 2: Were Herders and Herd Animals Mobile and, if so, What Were the Characteristics of This Mobility?
  • Question 3: Beyond Mobility, Herd Composition, and Penning, How Were Animals Managed?
  • Question 4: How Were Animal Products Consumed and How Broad Were Human Diets?
  • Question 5: How Intensified, Diversified, or Specialized Was Pastoral Production in a Community?
  • Question 6: What Did the Landscape Afford Herders and Herds? How Did Herding Impact the Environment?
  • Question 7: What Markers of Social Complexity Are Present or Absent within the Community? How Did Herding and Mobility Affect the Social Cohesion of the Community?
  • Conclusion.
  • Chapter Seven Social and Political Perspectives on Ancient and Historical Pastoralism
  • ''Beyond Protein and Calories'': Social Zooarchaeology
  • Beyond Pasture, Water, and Herds: The Social Archaeology of Pastoral Landscapes, Monuments, Gathering Places, and Infrastructure
  • The Future: Household Archaeology Applied to Settlements and Campsites
  • Conclusion
  • Chapter Eight Uniting Separate Regional Traditions for a Comparative Archaeology of Pastoralism
  • Regional Scholarly Traditions: Pastoralism in East Africa, the Middle East, and Central Eurasia
  • Bridging Regional Divides
  • Conclusion
  • Chapter Nine Conclusion: Histories of Pastoralism
  • Revisiting ''Grand Narratives''
  • Five ''Grand Narratives'' of Pastoralism and Pastoral Mobility
  • What the Archaeology of Pastoralism Offers Comparative Anthropology and History
  • Bibliography
  • Index.